Why Has Evians Us Market Share Continually Decreased Marketing Essay

Why Has Evians Us Market Share Continually Decreased Marketing Essay To begin with, the customer indifference is one of the main factors to be considered. Compared with the colas, Evian is premium price bottled water, and it is failed to realise that customers in different regions will make different reactions according to their preferences. In Europe, customers accept the types of bottled water and pay a premium for the Evian brand gladly. By contrast, in the U.S. water market, customers place little value on this premium and the cheapest bottled water is always selected in stores. Danone does not satisfy the US customers needs, and therefore, the decreasing demand for Evian in the US water market will affect its market share. Secondly, Danone is weak of the distribution capability. On one hand, Danone mastered its direct-to-store delivery system well, but the distribution strategy is not suitable for the U.S. water market. The U.S. water market needs a giant colarun distribution network which includes access to rented stored shelves. On the other hand, the colas and other water brands all have good distribution capabilities, while Danone is inferior. It is rarely to see Evian locate in such points of sale for bottled water, like vending machines, groceries, stores, street vendors, convenience outlets, and etc. Therefore, the distribution deficiencies will lead Danone in a low volume in the US water market. Thirdly, pricing is another factor which should be considered. The colas resource mostly comes from local tap water, so the initial cost of the colas is lower, and it is priced at an appropriate level. In contrast, Evian Nature Spring Water comes from French Alps, so the initial cost of Evian is high, and it is priced at a premium level. In consequence, higher price of the bottled water may not be accepted by the U.S. customers, then the market share dwindles. Finally, it is seems that Danone is lack of advertising. In evaluating Danones strategy for gaining U.S. market share, present the positives and negatives for remaining a single enterprise entity and going it alone. Danones strategy to go it alone in the U.S. water market has the positives and negatives. Danones go it alone U.S. water market strategy means that Evian becomes a niche product brand, and its price keeps at a premium level. Under the strategy, Evian can extend its brand to a global extent with a healthy edge, and also can protect its unique Glacier brand effectively. Besides these, it can create business opportunities in the U.S. water market, and increase its marginal revenue for Danone as well. However, because of the premium price of the Evians bottled water, Evian may hold lower market share in low volume in the U.S. water market, compared with the lower price water brands. Another Danones go-it-alone U.S. water market strategy is that taking over local-source spring water enterprise. After acquisition, it is clear that Danone can get source locally rather than from France, therefore Danone can reduce the costs, and it will be more competitive against Nestlà © and the colas for market share in the high volume and price-driven market. Another advantage under this strategy is that Danone can build-out its lines production and distribution after acquisitions. However, there are also some problems after acquisition. The strategy here will need a large amount of money to invest from Danone, and the return on the investment will need a long period to get the money back. Given Evians lack of success in the US market, what would be the ramifications of Danone exiting the U.S. bottled water market altogether? Compared with other water brands, Evian is premium price bottled water, and it is failed to realise that customers in the U.S. water market prefer to choose cheaper bottled water, not like the customers preferences in Europe. Therefore, the low volume of Evians bottled water sale may lead to the decreasing market share and Evians lack of success in the U.S. market. As a consequence of this condition, Danones get out of the U.S. Market strategy may make some ramifications. If Danone exit the U.S. bottled water market, Danone may lose the business opportunities in the U.S. market, and may lose much more market share in such a large market as well. Besides, Danone will probably run counter to its global marketing strategy, and it will not drive Danones global sales and extension of global brand. Furthermore, Danone will save the entry expenditures if exiting from the U.S. market, and it can invest on the market where the glacier premium is recognized and also gain the market share from those countries.

Democracy And The Development In Uganda Politics Essay

Democracy And The Development In Uganda Politics Essay The topic of Presentation, is solicited and linked by the presenter, to a variety of suggested development topics, which bear profound concern and relevance to the concept of holistic human development, based on un diluted Democratic Governance. Holistic Development in general, as duly embracing the social and economic growth, in relation to developing countries, such as Uganda, bears a significant brotherhood, as well impacting relationship to undiluted democracy, where it is taken and emphasized as an inevitable basis and root of holistic human development. The selected topic of Democracy and Development significantly connote as well imply that democracy, in an un diluted form is an inevitable basis of holistic human corporate development and that such development should be rooted in the attributes of good, accountable, transparent, as well selfless positive democratic governance of a people. It is, therefore, to be noted that the functional practice and presence of democracy, or the profound lack of it, or presence of the same, in diluted unconventional forms and content, in a developing country, such as Uganda, in the defined aspects of human corporate, political, social and even cultural endeavors, does also connote, as well imply a negative reversal of that development, whatever it may be. It is to be noted further, that holistic development denotes as well as implies the physical and spiritual growth of holistic human endeavors and efforts, in the inevitable context of good democratic corporate governance of a people. This means that human beings, duly struggle and work for holistic development, as well as ensuing growth, in both the physical and spiritual worlds, as the governance and leadership structures, the implementation of such structures, their functional lay outs, practices and operations, as well as leadership styles, are democratic and rooted in undiluted democracy for democratic institutions, of democratic orientation and setting. Note the rationalization as duly enunciated and amplified above, is quite perceivable in Uganda, as an African country, within the prescribed scenario of a developing world, (call it underdeveloped for some relative emphasis). The researcher and writer of the concept paper, is a Ugandan, working and coming from Uganda, for which the full paper of presentation, shall demonstrate and amplify, for international consumption, understanding, analysis, appraisal, evaluation, in addition to taking cognizance of the inherent concepts of diluted democracy, as impacting human holistic development, in a particular emphasis to Uganda. 2.0 THE BACKGROUND 2.1 The Recent Historical Perspective: Since 1986, Uganda (located in the East African interland), has made acclaimed substantial progress, in promoting good governance, at the political, economic, social and even cultural fronts of Uganda. The country, has been officially and widely acknowledged, as sustaining a positive economic development and growth, which, in the statistical opinion and assessment of the view perpetuators, averages 6%, over the recent one and half decades, the country having progressively, moved from mere economic recovery stage and reconstruction status, towards a substantial sustainable economic development and progressive growth, targeting a massive poverty reduction from among the grassroots population. It is being further stated that Ugandas Macro economic stability much as it is progressively and positively improving, remains a major area of the countrys grassroot focused reforms and development efforts, for the express purposes of wider resource allocation. Indeed, Ugandas fiscal and monetary restraints, as coupled with the attributes of prudent and fugal monetary management and administration, has appropriately and inevitably, supported the countrys robust economic development and systematic growth, and has, consequently, forestalled, over and above contained the hyper inflation, to a single digit level, over most of the one and half decades of the prospective periodic review. Nevertheless, according to the official statistics, the proportion of Ugandans, as defined and prescribed, as living in absolute poverty, did over the period of economic review, accordingly decline from 56% to 35%. It has been officially further highlighted that, the per capita income gains, between the years 1992 2005/6 were quite modest, allegedly because of the countrys high population growth rate at 3.4 per 1000 people. The same has remained so. It has been further stated, that significant challenges are poised, for the economic attainments, as stated and highlighted, in the acknowledgement reports of international nature for Ugandas economic and even political appraisal. These, among others, include: The setting up of sustainable fight and impactive mitigations of abject poverty, at grassroot levels. Putting up impacting measures if mitigating high level economically retrogressive corruption which is endemic in the countrys top and middle level leaders. Resolving the political and military conflict in the Northern Region of the country, which has persisted, for over two (2) decades. Addressing others, but not duly specified subterranean forces which hamper, as well as derail the countrys democratization process and positive economic development of sustainable growth, as already highlighted. All in all, Ugandas political, social and economic development, is duly linked up with improvement in democracy and democratic governance, of the country, if all things, and the political will associated thereto, and the systems and practices established for the due installation of an undiluted democratic dispensation, were not merely cosmetic and inherently, distracted by the countrys leadership. 2.2 The Instruments and Measures to Address the Development Dimension, but Rife with Diluted Democracy. This is to be properly demonstrated and amplified in the paper as follows: 2.2 (1) Diluted Democracy and Misguided Political Governance One has to note inter alia that Uganda, as an independent country and nation of colonial creation has became of diluted democracy and misguided political governance; went through a tumultuous checkered political history, since the attainment of independence and standing, as a new country in the year 1962. The country has gone full circle from assumed parliamentary form of diluted democracy, to the years of full vetted and sporadic concealed military benevolent dictatorship of quasi civilian rule, of tactic political cajoling, to the present day. The short lived burst of apparent prospective political enthusiasm; to independence, and soon after it, was soon replaced by a long, almost unremitting period of near despair and disappointment, up to 1986, when Yoweri K. Museveni, of presumed liberator NRM and an accomplished disciple of diluted democracy syndicate took over state power by force of arms. In the minds of many democratic foresighted Ugandans, this was in essence, not different from the 1966 Crisis, where the consensus ridden, and generally accepted independence constitution of the country, was violently overthrown and abrogated by similar force of arms by benevolent dictatorship of the Late Milton Obote. He did this, in his capacity as second Executive Prime Minister of the Country, after Uganda had become internally self governing in March 1961. However, the distinguishing political feature between the Museveni and NRM Military take over, of power in 1986, and the Obotes UPC take over of power, after abrogating the 1962 Constitution, was that in 1980 a Uganda grassroot peoples mandate, to govern the country, had been violently infringed and violated by a massively rigged general elections, which brought back Obote, to power, for yet another time, after his first violent overthrow from power by General Idd Amin in 1971. The inherent advocacy and justification of the Musevenis NRMs take over of Government by force of arms, was, therefore, made on the commensurate pretext, that there had been massive rigging of national elections by Obote, and his UPC party, in December, 1980, and that there had been fragrant dictatorial misrule of the country, by Obote and his party, which provided Museveni, with a blank Cheque of governance, in Uganda, after the military take over of power, in January, 1986.. It is, therefore, to be noted here, that since the year 1966, to the present day, despite the positive and inherently appreciable Museveni and NRM cosmetic democratic innovations, as well as plausible features, of due reliance to the military, rather than the established democratic institutions, to govern, has over the time, persisted in Uganda. Hence the assertion that the army, has to be represented, as an organ of state, in the Parliament of Uganda, a prerogative of civilian rule and governance, in well oriented democratic states of the world. Therefore, with diluted democracy in Uganda, at the centre stage, the country, has been characterized by civil wars; repressive governance policies, as well as statute laws of mere political expedience; a war monger governance style; a persistent refugee influx; and to big extent, a reversal and retrogression of would be attained social and economic gains, as presumably having been acquired, in the positive wake of the rather cosmetic democratic systems; which unfortunately have duly and inadvertently, persuaded committed and uncommitted political observers both locally and internationally. The negative impact of the political, social, economic and even cultural instability and overlapping political confusion, brought about as a result, is destined to leave a lot of deep scars in the general fabric of the country, for many years to come, across the countrys political and social spectrum. Nevertheless, there are, as it were, undeniable overt development, since Museveni and NRM captured state power in Uganda in year 1986. It is also to be noted that the progressively concealed military regime change in 1986 was incidentally hailed locally, most especially in the countrys central region of Buganda and even across the globe. The regime brought relative peace and security in those areas, of the country, where it was not resisted, for obvious reasons. While one part of the country, was at war with the regime, for now over 20 years, the part not at war, got the economy of Uganda, partially and somewhat rejuvenated as well as resuscitated, under the mistaken guise that the whole country was not at war. The regime, has to some debatable extent, safeguarded the conventionally accepted principles of human liberties, through selected and guided promotions of relative press freedom, allowing some form of multiparty political dispensation, while limiting the fundamental freedoms of assembly and also did selectively, put an end to the fragrant open human rights abuses, as exercising appreciable controls over the army, from being an arm of repressive tact political abuses, and to progressively make the same an apparently friendly organ of the civilian population, which was not the case before, for any of the past Government regimes of post independent Uganda. However, amidst these fairly positive attributes and apparent overt achievements, Uganda faces a momental task, as well a challenge for establishing and nursing, as well as fostering visible and feasible functioning democratic institutions, which shall be beyond the whims and outright undemocratic dictates of incumbent Executive Presidents of the country. 3.0 WHAT HAS DODGED THE CURRENT UGANDAN GOVERNMENT IN INSTITUTING DURABLE DEMOCRACY FOR DEVELOPMENT IN UGANDA This is to be the major subject of address and presentation by a fully indented paper on Democracy and Development in Uganda. 3.1 The Paper Objectives The Key Objectives for the paper therefore shall be: 3.1.1 Objective One: To outline the brief events of thwarted democracy in Uganda, which has resulted in the checkered post independence history of the country, which has bred overt and covert military dictatorships. 3.1.2 Objective Two To state and demonstrate the profound failings, as well as shortcomings of Ugandas post independence dictatorial Government regimes including the NRM, in entrenching undiluted democracy which is the root and sound sanctuary of holistic genuine corporate development of the country. Objective Three To show why despite the apparently commendable progress in putting in place a plethora of regulatory institutions, policies, a constitution and statutory laws for building and establishing a democratic state of Uganda, there is unfortunately a looming and impending political catastrophe which might reverse and retrogress all apparent economic, political and even social gains, if nothing is done to forestall the same genuinely. 3.1.4 Objective Four To illustrate a lack of genuine commitment and political patriotic will to mitigate and fight the rate of high level corruption, which duly impacts democracy and holistic development, in Uganda. 3.1.5 Objective Five To demonstrate, as well as show that Museveni and the NRM duly displayed undiluted democratic tendencies and practices from the beginning, up to the 12th year of his rule in Uganda. It is in these years, that the country did genuinely develop and built the impetus that has pushed the NRM regime, to live up to the present day, albeit the diminishing fortunes, arising out of the incessant repressiveness overtime. 4.0 CONCLUSION By the end of the paper presentation, it is hereby envisaged and anticipated that the presentation, as envisioned, by this concept note, shall lead to an international understanding, appraisal and evaluation of the democratic and developmental overtures, in Uganda, to lead to an appreciation of functions, innovations of fitting approaches and their due rationalization, in a Ugandan African context of congenial democratic development.

Gender Issues :: essays research papers

Gender equality Gender equality is an issue constantly in conflict within societies of Eastern and Western countries. Although Vietnamese women living in the United States have equal access to jobs and education and are able to be independent, they still choose to â€Å"incorporate the new realities of their lives into the ideological confines of the traditional family system† (Kibria 109). Tradition mandates that women are the support system of principles and values of the traditional Vietnamese family system (137). While Vietnamese women are more reserved and submissive to their husbands, Vietnamese-American women have discovered the strength and power to be the central figure within the newly defined collective household in order to survive and provide for the children’s future. According to Confucianism, the family line is patriarchal and the man is to be obeyed. Women were expected to follow the three respects—her father, her husband and her eldest son; if not, the consequences were severe. Having women stay at home with the children is a way of life in mainstream Asian countries. In Asia, a woman would not and could not leave her parent's home until she is married, then she would live with and care for her husband's family. An unwed woman living on her own would be considered shameful and disgraceful to her family in Asian culture. Unlike the strict traditional ways of Confucianism, Vietnamese families are orderly and emotional (Freeman 88). Within the traditional Vietnamese family, the â€Å"disciplined authority of and obligation to the father, but also nurturance, sentiment and affection are associated with the mother† (89). Asian women, in general, are taught to be reserved and to keep thoughts and experiences private in order to avoid losing face and embarrassing the family; however, â€Å"more respect for the rights and powers of Vietnamese women† have contributed to a Vietnamese history inclusive of strong, intelligent and decisive women such as the Truong Sisters who fought and defeated the Chinese to regain Vietnam’s independence in 40 A.D. Traditional femininity is to be expressed through modes of dress, movement, speech and actions; to an extent this is also true of Asian-American women in modern society. Although a traditional Asian women's timid behavior leads to a lack of individuality and self-confidence, Asian-America women have begun to shed the belief of fate, destined misery, and strived to speak their own minds. If women are given opportunities to pursue careers, they are expected to fulfill positions as nurses, textile workers, or teacher because women are supposedly more caring and nurturing.

Chimpanzee Versus Humans: Similarities & Differences Essay -- essays r

Chimpanzee versus Humans: Similarities & Differences   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since the first days of human thought into their beginnings, chimpanzees have played a vital role in showing who we were. The chimpanzee, one of the great apes, makes it home in the forests of Central and West Africa. Their long arms and legs adapt them for living in such regions as lowland jungles and mountainous regions. Humans are classified in the order Primates, and family Hominade. Within this family, human beings, our nearest living relatives, the African apes, are also placed. Though in some classification standards, apes are placed in the family Pongidae.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The defining characteristic of Hominids is their ability to walk bipedally, using two feet and walking upright. This form of movement lead to many adaptations within the Hominids skeleton. There are notable changes in the spinal cord, pelvis bone and legs. The chimpanzee does have the ability to walk upright and does, but it spends most of the time walking on four limbs. It uses it’s arms as it’s front legs and walks on it’s knuckles. Our brain capacity is about twice as large as that of the chimp. Humans have a brain capacity of 1300 to 1500 cc, while the chimps are about 600 - 800 cc. It is though by scientists that our brain size grew over time as were evolved into making complex tools and we became increasingly sophisticated. The human skull is slightly different from that of our primate ancest...

Living for Normality :: Cultural Culture Essays

Living for Normality Most people want to be normal. The definition of normal however, depends on the culture of the person making the judgment. Far too often, normal is defined in America by looking at the actions and beliefs of the average white middle class family. This definition of normal fails to let other cultures to be accepted, creating distance and misunderstanding. One type of culture, which has traditionally been labeled as uncivilized, are those found in Africa. Other more civilized cultures tend to look down on those who belong to African cultures, labeling their customs and ways of life as abnormal. Randall Bass, an Associate Professor of English at Georgetown University, made an interesting argument in his book, Bordertexts: Cultural Readings for Contemporary Writer. Bass describes a passage from a local newspaper out of Louisville, Kentucky. The newspaper coined the phrase, "national geographic nudity" in describing a movie. Bass's impression of the phrase is shown in the following passage, "Somehow the phrase 'national geographic nudity' implies that the natives were not as present or as visible as the other people in the movie." Here Bass is proving the point of cultural differences relating to the definition of normality. While the natives view their nudity as normal, nudity is generally not accepted by any class from America. This dif ference is a prime example of clashing definitions of what cultures accept to be normal. The next step up the ladder of normality is the lower class. Unlike the natives who don't look to fit into the normal set by American middle class, American lower class are constantly looking for ways to improve. PBS ran a very interesting special on classes within the United States. In the special, "People Like Us," was a section devoted to a woman named Tammy and her family. Tammy is a typical lower class citizen; she lives in a trailer in a small town, trash piled around, and no car to drive. After being on welfare for eighteen years, Tammy got a job at a Burger King restaurant 15 miles away. Tammy wants to become better; in fact she wants to go back to school. "I'm hoping to go to college and be a school teacher. That was my goal from the time I was five years old up until now." Even though Tammy wants to move up a class, she still realizes to which group she belongs.

Muted Group Theory and Walt Disney’s “The Little Mermaid”

When Walt Disney released its adaptation of Hans Christian Andersen’s â€Å"The Little Mermaid,† it had become a box-office hit.   Yet, the movie captured the attention not just of young girls back in the late 1980s, but sociologists and anthropologists as well since the movie became a perfect example of what they had termed as the â€Å"muted group theory.†Ã‚   In this paper, the concept of the muted group theory as proposed by Cheris Kramarae will be discussed as well as supporting evidences seen in society in general and in the movie of Walt Disney’s â€Å"The Little Mermaid.† Kramarae’s Muted Group Theory According to Cheris Kramarae, language is something that was constructed by man.   The words and thoughts of women are ignored in our society.   Because of this, it is difficult for women to express their experiences as opposed to men.   Kramarae further stated that language does not serve all its speakers in an equal manner regardless of the culture because women are not as free as men to say what they want, when they want and where they want. Men have a dominant control of society and how the members of society should express themselves. As such, different terms are used to describe tasks done by both males and females even when they are doing the exact same thing.   It is also because of this that most sexual suggestions that are considered degrading are usually referring to women than to men (Anderson & Haddad, 2005; Eckert & McConnell-Ginet, 1992; Epstein, 1986; Griffin, 2003; Prentice, 2005; West, 1983).   In order for women to express themselves to others, they must do so as how males express themselves (Epstein, 1986; Griffin, 2003; Rogers. 1978; Stets & Burke, 1996). The concept that women are a muted group was first proposed by Edwin Ardener.   Edwin Ardener was an anthropologist who discovered that a group becomes mute due to the lack of power that is experienced of a group with a low status.   Ardener called the theory the muted group theory because these muted groups are liken to black holes since they are muffled, overlooked and invisible (Griffin, 2003; Prentice, 2005; Rogers, 1978). Muted Group Theory in Today’s Society Although today’s society stresses on equality between the male and female genders, various sociologists, linguistics and anthropologists have gathered substantial evidences to show that the muted group theory proposed by both Ardener and Kramarae are still evident. In a classroom which is composed by both male and female, female students tend not to speak as confidently as their male classmates. They also speak in class less frequently than males.   In events that the females do participate in class, they do not talk as loud or as candidly as males do. This is because it is the social norm that females should be polite and restrained while the males are assertive and vocal (Anderson & Haddad, 2005; Canada & Pringle, 1995; Epstein, 1986; Walker, Ilardi, McMahon & Fennel, 1996).   Because of this norm instilled in women at an early age, women more often avoid confrontations and direct disagreements even after completing their academic degrees (Eckert & McConnell-Ginet, 1992). In the workplace, women tend to be subordinate to men.   For example, women in the military are not deployed in combat as often as men.   In the academic community, most of the academic departments and schools of knowledge recognize the contributions of men rather than women (Eckert & McConnell-Ginet, 1992; Walker, Ilardi, McMahon & Fennel, 1996).   Also, what many would be considered as a powerful speech when used by man will not to be as effective if the same speech is delivered by a woman (Eckert & McConnell-Ginet, 1992; Epstein, 1986; West, 1983). In the study of cultures and societies, research would only focus on the information given by male informants and would ignore the information received from female informants since the researchers assumes that women are less articulate than men, causing anthropologists not being able to understand women.   As a result, interest in female roles and status had slowly diminished since many researchers view males were more important in society than females (Ardener, 1985; Prentice, 2005; Rogers, 1978). Muted Group Theory in â€Å"The Little Mermaid† When Kramarae began her research on the muted group theory, she used cartoons as the basis of her study (Griffin, 2003).   For this paper, the cartoon that was selected is Walt Disney’s adaptation of Hans Christian Andersen’s â€Å"The Little Mermaid.† This paper will be focusing on one scene in the movie which is that between Ariel, the mermaid who wanted to become a human more than anything in the world, and Ursula, the sea witch.   After an argument with her father, Ariel visits Ursula in her lair under the impression that she could be able to give her the very thing her heart desired: to become human and to be with the human prince Eric. Ursula told her that she is will be able to make her into a human being for three days.   In order for her to be able to remain human permanently, she would have to be kissed by the prince as a symbol of his true love for her.   If she fails, she would go back to being a mermaid.   As payment for this, Ursula demanded Ariel her voice (Clements & Musker, 1989). As previously mentioned, one of the premise of Kramarae on the muted group theory, in order for a woman to be able to express herself, she must do so the way how men express themselves (Epstein, 1986; Griffin, 2003; Rogers. 1978).   This is clearly explained by the character of Ursula: The men up there don't like a lot of blabber.   They think a girl who gossips is a bore.   Yes, on land it’s much preferred for ladies not to say a word and after all, dear, what is idle prattle for?   Come on, they're not all that impressed with conversation.   True gentlemen avoid it when they can. But they dote and swoon and fawn on a lady who’s withdrawn. It’s she who holds her tongue who gets her man (Menken & Ashman, 1989). Here, Ursula had advised Ariel what a human woman should be like.   Since Ariel mentioned that she would want to remain human and the only way to get that is for the prince to fall in love with her, the only way for her to do so is to act like a proper human woman would. Indeed, the accepted norms in human societies are based on the activities, values and expressions of males.   Hence, the means of how women interact with others are considered to be improper (Eckert & McConnell-Ginet, 1992; Stets & Burke, 1996). In the movie, Ariel has been known for her beautiful singing voice.   This made Ariel more superior than anyone in the kingdom.   It was because of her voice that she is not only the favorite of King Triton among his daughters, but also the reason why in spite of her age, she is looked up upon by her siblings (Clements & Musker, 1989).   Ariel’s ability to sing can be likened to the way how a woman would express herself in society. The ability for a woman to express herself as a woman would give her a separate identity and thus give her a superiority that may rival that of a man, or even surpass it.   Furthermore, her ability to save Eric’s life during the storm shows how a woman could be able to surpass the capabilities of a man given the opportunity. By stripping her of her ability to sing, Ariel is also stripped of the very thing that would set her apart from everyone else, her ability to sing.   This is the very thing reason why women are considered a muted group by many sociologists and anthropologists.   The act of a man listening to a woman would mean that the man would be denouncing their dominant position in society because men view discussions initiated by women as not to have any importance (Dras, 1986; Epstein, 1986; Griffin, 2003). For this reason, cultural establishment had prejudged and excluded art, poetry, plays and films created by women (Ardener, 1985; Epstein, 1986; Griffin, 2003) since it is a way for women to express themselves through various forms.   Also, since she had been used to swimming, being given legs made her vulnerable since she is not able to do things on her own.   As such, the roles of Eric and Ariel have become reverse with Ariel becoming dependent to Eric to teach her how to walk, showing his dominance over her. Conclusion Initially, the muted group theory would appear to be sexist in nature since it puts females at a disadvantage in society.   Given the premises proposed by both Ardener and Kramarae, however, the muted group theory sheds light on the reason why society even today still refers to women as the â€Å"inferior sex.†   The muted group theory had proposed that the gender difference experienced in society particularly in how women express themselves lies on the fact that society is a patriarchal society, meaning that society’s norms and values are based on the norms and values of the male gender.   Movies such as Walt Disney’s â€Å"The Little Mermaid† have shown that in spite of the ability of the female gender to express itself, society prohibits them to do so. References Anderson, D. M. & Haddad, C. J. (March 2005). Gender, voice, and learning in online course environment. Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 9(1), 3-14. Ardener, S. (October 1985). The social anthropology of women and feminist anthropology. Anthropology today, 1(5), 24-26. Canada, K & Pringle, R. (July 1995). The role of gender in college classroom interactions: a social context approach. Sociology of education, 68(3), 161-186. Clements, R. & Musker, J. (Directors). (1989). Walt Disney's the little mermaid [Motion picture]. United States: Walt Disney Pictures. Drass, K. A. (December 1986). The effect of gender identity on conversation. Social psychology quarterly, 49(4), 294-301. Eckert, P. & McConnell-Ginet, S. (1992). Think practically and look locally: language and gender as community-based practice. Annual review of anthropology, 21, 461-490. Epstein, C. F. (Winter 1986). Symbolic segregation: similarities and differences in the language and non-verbal communication of women and men. Sociological forum, 1(1), 27-49. Griffin, E. (2003). A first look at communication theory, 5th Ed.   New York: McGraw-Hill. Menken, A. & Ashman, H. (1989). Poor Unfortunate Souls [Recorded by Pat Carroll]. On Walt Disney's the little mermaid: an original walt disney records soundtrack. California: Walt Disney Records. Prentice, C. (2005).   Third party candidates in political debates: muted groups struggling to express themselves. Speaker and gavel, 42, 1-12. Rogers, S. C. (January 1978). Woman's place: a critical review of anthropological theory. Comparative studies in society and history, 20(1), 123-162. Stets, J. E. & Burke, P. J. (September 1996). Gender, control, and interaction. Social psychology quarterly, 59(3), 193-220. Walker, H. A., Ilardi, B. C., McMahon, A. M. & Fennell, M. L. (September 1996). Gender, Interaction and Leadership. Social psychology

Effects of Samsung

Describe the development of the company over time (including its origin) and provide information on range of products and activities† From its inception as a small export business in Taegu, Korea, Samsung has grown to become one of the world's leading electronics companies, specializing in digital appliances and media, semiconductors, memory, and system integration. Today Samsung's innovative and top quality products and processes are world recognized. 1938-1957 Samsung’s beginning: In 1938 the Samsung's founder Byung-Chull Lee set up a trade export company in Korea, selling fish, vegetables, and fruit to China. Within a decade Samusng had flour mills and confectionary machines and became a co-operation in 1951. 1958-1979 Diversifying in Industries and Electronics: From 1958 onwards, Samsung began to expand into other industries such as financial, media, chemicals and ship building throughout the 1970's. Soon after, Samsung created its own electronic appliances. 1980-1989 Entering the global marketplace During the late 1970s and early 1980s, Samsung diversified and expanded globally. The company started building bigger manufacturing plants for its appliances and electronics from 1982 to1987 in New York, England and Portugal. 990-1999 Becoming a Global Force In the mid-1990s, 17 different products climbed into the ranks of the top-five products for global market share in their respective areas. Despite the 1997 financial crisis that affected nearly all Korean businesses, Samsung was one of few companies that continued growing. 2000-Present Pioneering the Digital Age Now, Samsung is perfectly positioned as one of the world's recognized leaders in the digital technology industry, and they has won the No. 1 global market share for 13 of their products, including semiconductors, and CDMA mobile phones. Samsung Electronics Samsung Electronics was created in 1969, products include televisions and many other kinds of home appliances, telecommunications equipment, and computers. Its most important product is semiconductors. Semiconductors Lee had determined in the mid-1970s that high-tech electronics was the growth industry of the future, he formed Samsung Semiconductor and Telecommunications Co. in 1978. Utilizing its newly acquired knowledge, Samsung became the first Korean manufacturer of low-cost, relatively low-tech, 64-kilobit dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips. Telecommunications Samsung first time offering was a car Phone in 1986, but it have poor reception and low sales. In 1993, a turning point came in company when it released the SH-700 series. Mobile of this Series have sleeker design and better sound quality, with a better product, Samsung reclaim more than half the mobile phone market share in Korea. Samsung cell phones found its way into American hands for the first time in 1996. A few years later, South America and Japan were enjoying the high-end design of Samsung Mobile phones. In early 2009, Samsung Mobile's global market share stood at more than 17 percent, second only to Nokia.